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Chemistry · Triple Science

Chemical Analysis

Spec 4.8 Paper 2 📙 Higher

Subtopics

Pure SubstancesSpec 5.8.1.1Define a pure substance in chemistry and use melting/boiling point data to assess purity. + FormulationsSpec 5.8.1.2Define a formulation and give examples of common formulations. + ChromatographySpec 5.8.1.3Describe paper chromatography, calculate Rf values and use chromatography to identify substances. + Testing for GasesSpec 5.8.2.1–5.8.2.4Describe the tests for hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and chlorine. + Flame TestsSpec 4.8.3.1Identify metal ions using flame tests and describe the colours produced by each metal. + Metal HydroxidesSpec 4.8.3.2Identify metal ions by the colour of precipitate formed with sodium hydroxide solution. + Tests for Carbonates, Halides and SulfatesSpec 4.8.3.3–4.8.3.5Identify carbonate, halide and sulfate ions using chemical tests. + Instrumental Methods and Flame Emission SpectroscopySpec 4.8.3.6–4.8.3.7Describe the advantages of instrumental analysis and explain how flame emission spectroscopy identifies metal ions. +

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Key Equations

Rf = distance by spot ÷ distance by solvent

⭐ Higher Tier Content

Interpreting mass spectra

IR spectroscopy — functional groups

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