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Biology · Triple Science

Infection and Response

Spec 4.3 Paper 1 📙 Higher

Subtopics

Communicable Diseases and Human Defence SystemsSpec 4.3.1Describe what communicable diseases are, how pathogens spread and how the body defends itself. + Viral DiseasesSpec 4.3.1.2Describe the main viral diseases — measles, HIV/AIDS and tobacco mosaic virus. + Bacterial DiseasesSpec 4.3.1.3Describe Salmonella food poisoning and Gonorrhoea as examples of bacterial diseases. + Fungal and Protist DiseasesSpec 4.3.1.4Describe rose black spot (fungal) and malaria (protist) as examples of these disease types. + VaccinationSpec 4.3.2Explain how vaccines work, why they protect populations and what herd immunity means. + Antibiotics and PainkillersSpec 4.3.3Explain how antibiotics work, why antibiotic resistance is a threat, and the role of painkillers. + Drug Discovery and DevelopmentSpec 4.3.4Describe how new drugs are discovered, tested and approved before being used on patients. + Plant Disease Detection and DefenceSpec 4.3.5Describe how plant diseases are identified and how plants defend themselves against pathogens and pests. + Monoclonal AntibodiesSpec 4.3.5Describe how monoclonal antibodies are produced and their uses in medicine and diagnosis. +

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Key Equations

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⭐ Higher Tier Content

Monoclonal antibodies — production and uses

Plant defence responses

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