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🧪 Chemical Changes

Spec 4.4 Paper 1 📗 Foundation

📋 Subtopics — click any to open full notes

Reactivity of Metals and Metal Oxides Spec 5.4.1.1–5.4.1.2 +

Extraction of Metals and Reduction Spec 5.4.1.3 +

Oxidation and Reduction Spec 5.4.1.4 +

Reactions of Acids with Metals and Bases Spec 5.4.2.1–5.4.2.2 +

Making Salts and Neutralisation Spec 5.4.2.2–5.4.2.3 +

The pH Scale and Neutralisation Spec 5.4.2.4 +

Titrations Spec 4.4.2.5 +

The Process of Electrolysis Spec 5.4.3.1 +

Electrolysis of Molten Ionic Compounds Spec 5.4.3.2 +

Using Electrolysis to Extract Metals Spec 5.4.3.3 +

Electrolysis of Aqueous Solutions Spec 5.4.3.4 +

💡 Click a subtopic title or the + button to open the full notes, quiz and examples.

📐 Key Equations

acid + metal → salt + hydrogen

acid + base → salt + water

acid + carbonate → salt + water + CO₂

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